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SFML projects / [Code Review] Simple Breakout/Arkanoid Clone + Asking for some help
« on: November 15, 2015, 11:53:22 am »
Hi, Im doing this small breakout clone for school, I've looked at heaps of people's takes on Breakout and tried to combine bits and pieces that I liked. Only problem that I'm having is getting the game to end when the ball hits the bottom window edge + sounds.. You should be able to copy/paste the code into a project, only issues being with the sound and text. Thanks a lot
#include <SFML/Graphics.hpp>
#include <SFML/Window.hpp>
#include <SFML/Audio.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
using namespace sf;
int x = 5;
constexpr int windowWidth ( 800 ), windowHeight( 600 );
constexpr float ballRadius( 10.f ), ballVelocity( 6.f );
constexpr float paddleWidth( 100.f ), paddleHeight( 20.f ), paddleVelocity( 8.f );
constexpr float blockWidth( 60.f ), blockHeight( 20.f );
constexpr int countBlocksX( 11 ), countBlocksY( 6 );
constexpr int countBlocks2X(11), countBlocks2Y(3);
bool isPlaying = true;
struct Ball
{
CircleShape shape;
Vector2f velocity{ -ballVelocity, -ballVelocity };
Ball(float mX, float mY)
{
shape.setPosition(mX, mY);
shape.setRadius(ballRadius);
shape.setFillColor(Color::Yellow);
shape.setOrigin(ballRadius, ballRadius);
}
void update()
{
//Need to make the ball bounce of the window edges
shape.move(velocity);
//If it's leaving on the left edge, we set a positive horizontal value.
if (left() < 0)
velocity.x = ballVelocity;
//Same for the right
else if (right() > windowWidth)
velocity.x = -ballVelocity;
//Top
if (top() < 0)
velocity.y = ballVelocity;
//And bottom
else if (bottom() > windowHeight)
velocity.y = -ballVelocity;
}
float x() { return shape.getPosition().x; }
float y() { return shape.getPosition().y; }
float left() { return x() - shape.getRadius(); }
float right() { return x() + shape.getRadius(); }
float top() { return y() - shape.getRadius(); }
float bottom() { return y() + shape.getRadius(); }
};
//Create the Rectangle shape class for the brick
struct Rectangle
{
RectangleShape shape;
float x() { return shape.getPosition().x; }
float y() { return shape.getPosition().y; }
float left() { return x() - shape.getSize().x / 2.f; }
float right() { return x() + shape.getSize().x / 2.f; }
float top() { return y() - shape.getSize().y / 2.f; }
float bottom() { return y() + shape.getSize().y / 2.f; }
};
//Class for the paddle
struct Paddle : public Rectangle
{
//Create a variable for speed.
Vector2f velocity;
//Set the variables for the paddle rectangle shape.
Paddle(float mX, float mY)
{
shape.setPosition(mX, mY);
shape.setSize({ paddleWidth, paddleHeight });
shape.setFillColor(Color::Red);
shape.setOrigin(paddleWidth / 2.f, paddleHeight / 2.f);
}
// Within the update function we check if the player is moving the paddle
void update()
{
shape.move(velocity);
//To ensure that the paddle stays inside the window we only change the Velocity when it's inside the boundaries
//Making it impossible to move outside when the initial velocity is set to zero
if (Keyboard::isKeyPressed(Keyboard::Key::Left) && left() > 0)
velocity.x = -paddleVelocity;
else if (Keyboard::isKeyPressed(Keyboard::Key::Right) && right() < windowWidth)
velocity.x = paddleVelocity;
//If the player isn't pressing a buttom (legt/right) the velocity is set to zero.
else
velocity.x = 0;
}
};
//Another class for the bricks
struct Brick : public Rectangle
{
bool destroyed{ false };
Brick(float mX, float mY)
{
shape.setPosition(mX, mY);
shape.setSize({ blockWidth, blockHeight });
shape.setFillColor(Color::Black);
shape.setOrigin(blockWidth / 2.f, blockHeight / 2.f);
}
};
//C++ Feature template allows us to create a generic funtion to check if two shapes are intersecting or colliding.
template <class T1, class T2>
bool isIntersecting(T1& mA, T2& mB)
{
return mA.right() >= mB.left() && mA.left() <= mB.right() &&
mA.bottom() >= mB.top() && mA.top() <= mB.bottom();
}
void collisionTest(Paddle& mPaddle, Ball& mBall)
{
if (!isIntersecting(mPaddle, mBall)) return;
mBall.velocity.y = -ballVelocity;
if (mBall.x() < mPaddle.x())
mBall.velocity.x = -ballVelocity;
else
mBall.velocity.x = ballVelocity;
}
void collisionTest(Brick& mBrick, Ball& mBall)
{
if (!isIntersecting(mBrick, mBall)) return;
mBrick.destroyed = true;
float overlapLeft{ mBall.right() - mBrick.left() };
float overlapRight{ mBrick.right() - mBall.left() };
float overlapTop{ mBall.bottom() - mBrick.top() };
float overlapBottom{ mBrick.bottom() - mBall.top() };
bool ballFromLeft(abs(overlapLeft) < abs(overlapRight));
bool ballFromTop(abs(overlapTop) < abs(overlapBottom));
float minOverlapX{ ballFromLeft ? overlapLeft : overlapRight };
float minOverlapY{ ballFromTop ? overlapTop : overlapBottom };
if (abs(minOverlapX) < abs(minOverlapY))
mBall.velocity.x = ballFromLeft ? -ballVelocity : ballVelocity;
else
mBall.velocity.y = ballFromTop ? -ballVelocity : ballVelocity;
}
int main()
{
//We render/create the window
RenderWindow window(VideoMode(windowWidth, windowHeight ), "Breakout Game" );
window.setFramerateLimit(60);
Paddle paddle{ windowWidth / 2, windowHeight - 50 };
int x = 5;
//Here we use an unconditiional goto statement to allow the user to restart the game.
restart:
//We reference the Ball, Paddle and Bricks
Ball ball{ windowWidth / 2, windowHeight / 2 };
vector<Brick> bricks;
//vector<Brick2> bricks2;
for (int iX{ 0 }; iX < countBlocksX; ++iX)
for (int iY{ 0 }; iY < countBlocksY; ++iY)
bricks.emplace_back(
(iX + 1) * (blockWidth + 3) + 22, (iY + 2) * (blockHeight + 3));
// Load the text font
sf::Font font;
if (!font.loadFromFile("arial.ttf"))
return EXIT_FAILURE;
// Initialize the pause message
sf::Text loseGame;
loseGame.setFont(font);
loseGame.setCharacterSize(40);
loseGame.setPosition(80.f, 150.f);
loseGame.setColor(sf::Color::White);
loseGame.setString("You lost, press 'Space' to play again.");
// Load the sounds used in the game
sf::SoundBuffer ballSoundBuffer;
if (!ballSoundBuffer.loadFromFile("loseSound.wav"))
return EXIT_FAILURE;
sf::Sound loseGameSound(ballSoundBuffer);
while (true)
{
window.clear(Color::Color(49, 79, 79));
if (Keyboard::isKeyPressed(Keyboard::Key::Space))
goto restart;
if (Keyboard::isKeyPressed(Keyboard::Key::Escape))
break;
ball.update();
paddle.update();
collisionTest(paddle, ball);
for (auto& brick : bricks) collisionTest(brick, ball);
bricks.erase(remove_if(begin(bricks), end(bricks),
[](const Brick& mBrick)
{
return mBrick.destroyed;
}),
end(bricks));
if (isPlaying)
{
window.draw(ball.shape);
window.draw(paddle.shape);
for (auto& brick : bricks) window.draw(brick.shape);
}
else
{
window.clear(Color::Black);
// Draw the pause message
loseGameSound.play();
window.draw(loseGame);
if (Keyboard::isKeyPressed(Keyboard::Key::Space))
goto restart;
}
window.display();
}
return 0;
}
#include <SFML/Window.hpp>
#include <SFML/Audio.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
using namespace sf;
int x = 5;
constexpr int windowWidth ( 800 ), windowHeight( 600 );
constexpr float ballRadius( 10.f ), ballVelocity( 6.f );
constexpr float paddleWidth( 100.f ), paddleHeight( 20.f ), paddleVelocity( 8.f );
constexpr float blockWidth( 60.f ), blockHeight( 20.f );
constexpr int countBlocksX( 11 ), countBlocksY( 6 );
constexpr int countBlocks2X(11), countBlocks2Y(3);
bool isPlaying = true;
struct Ball
{
CircleShape shape;
Vector2f velocity{ -ballVelocity, -ballVelocity };
Ball(float mX, float mY)
{
shape.setPosition(mX, mY);
shape.setRadius(ballRadius);
shape.setFillColor(Color::Yellow);
shape.setOrigin(ballRadius, ballRadius);
}
void update()
{
//Need to make the ball bounce of the window edges
shape.move(velocity);
//If it's leaving on the left edge, we set a positive horizontal value.
if (left() < 0)
velocity.x = ballVelocity;
//Same for the right
else if (right() > windowWidth)
velocity.x = -ballVelocity;
//Top
if (top() < 0)
velocity.y = ballVelocity;
//And bottom
else if (bottom() > windowHeight)
velocity.y = -ballVelocity;
}
float x() { return shape.getPosition().x; }
float y() { return shape.getPosition().y; }
float left() { return x() - shape.getRadius(); }
float right() { return x() + shape.getRadius(); }
float top() { return y() - shape.getRadius(); }
float bottom() { return y() + shape.getRadius(); }
};
//Create the Rectangle shape class for the brick
struct Rectangle
{
RectangleShape shape;
float x() { return shape.getPosition().x; }
float y() { return shape.getPosition().y; }
float left() { return x() - shape.getSize().x / 2.f; }
float right() { return x() + shape.getSize().x / 2.f; }
float top() { return y() - shape.getSize().y / 2.f; }
float bottom() { return y() + shape.getSize().y / 2.f; }
};
//Class for the paddle
struct Paddle : public Rectangle
{
//Create a variable for speed.
Vector2f velocity;
//Set the variables for the paddle rectangle shape.
Paddle(float mX, float mY)
{
shape.setPosition(mX, mY);
shape.setSize({ paddleWidth, paddleHeight });
shape.setFillColor(Color::Red);
shape.setOrigin(paddleWidth / 2.f, paddleHeight / 2.f);
}
// Within the update function we check if the player is moving the paddle
void update()
{
shape.move(velocity);
//To ensure that the paddle stays inside the window we only change the Velocity when it's inside the boundaries
//Making it impossible to move outside when the initial velocity is set to zero
if (Keyboard::isKeyPressed(Keyboard::Key::Left) && left() > 0)
velocity.x = -paddleVelocity;
else if (Keyboard::isKeyPressed(Keyboard::Key::Right) && right() < windowWidth)
velocity.x = paddleVelocity;
//If the player isn't pressing a buttom (legt/right) the velocity is set to zero.
else
velocity.x = 0;
}
};
//Another class for the bricks
struct Brick : public Rectangle
{
bool destroyed{ false };
Brick(float mX, float mY)
{
shape.setPosition(mX, mY);
shape.setSize({ blockWidth, blockHeight });
shape.setFillColor(Color::Black);
shape.setOrigin(blockWidth / 2.f, blockHeight / 2.f);
}
};
//C++ Feature template allows us to create a generic funtion to check if two shapes are intersecting or colliding.
template <class T1, class T2>
bool isIntersecting(T1& mA, T2& mB)
{
return mA.right() >= mB.left() && mA.left() <= mB.right() &&
mA.bottom() >= mB.top() && mA.top() <= mB.bottom();
}
void collisionTest(Paddle& mPaddle, Ball& mBall)
{
if (!isIntersecting(mPaddle, mBall)) return;
mBall.velocity.y = -ballVelocity;
if (mBall.x() < mPaddle.x())
mBall.velocity.x = -ballVelocity;
else
mBall.velocity.x = ballVelocity;
}
void collisionTest(Brick& mBrick, Ball& mBall)
{
if (!isIntersecting(mBrick, mBall)) return;
mBrick.destroyed = true;
float overlapLeft{ mBall.right() - mBrick.left() };
float overlapRight{ mBrick.right() - mBall.left() };
float overlapTop{ mBall.bottom() - mBrick.top() };
float overlapBottom{ mBrick.bottom() - mBall.top() };
bool ballFromLeft(abs(overlapLeft) < abs(overlapRight));
bool ballFromTop(abs(overlapTop) < abs(overlapBottom));
float minOverlapX{ ballFromLeft ? overlapLeft : overlapRight };
float minOverlapY{ ballFromTop ? overlapTop : overlapBottom };
if (abs(minOverlapX) < abs(minOverlapY))
mBall.velocity.x = ballFromLeft ? -ballVelocity : ballVelocity;
else
mBall.velocity.y = ballFromTop ? -ballVelocity : ballVelocity;
}
int main()
{
//We render/create the window
RenderWindow window(VideoMode(windowWidth, windowHeight ), "Breakout Game" );
window.setFramerateLimit(60);
Paddle paddle{ windowWidth / 2, windowHeight - 50 };
int x = 5;
//Here we use an unconditiional goto statement to allow the user to restart the game.
restart:
//We reference the Ball, Paddle and Bricks
Ball ball{ windowWidth / 2, windowHeight / 2 };
vector<Brick> bricks;
//vector<Brick2> bricks2;
for (int iX{ 0 }; iX < countBlocksX; ++iX)
for (int iY{ 0 }; iY < countBlocksY; ++iY)
bricks.emplace_back(
(iX + 1) * (blockWidth + 3) + 22, (iY + 2) * (blockHeight + 3));
// Load the text font
sf::Font font;
if (!font.loadFromFile("arial.ttf"))
return EXIT_FAILURE;
// Initialize the pause message
sf::Text loseGame;
loseGame.setFont(font);
loseGame.setCharacterSize(40);
loseGame.setPosition(80.f, 150.f);
loseGame.setColor(sf::Color::White);
loseGame.setString("You lost, press 'Space' to play again.");
// Load the sounds used in the game
sf::SoundBuffer ballSoundBuffer;
if (!ballSoundBuffer.loadFromFile("loseSound.wav"))
return EXIT_FAILURE;
sf::Sound loseGameSound(ballSoundBuffer);
while (true)
{
window.clear(Color::Color(49, 79, 79));
if (Keyboard::isKeyPressed(Keyboard::Key::Space))
goto restart;
if (Keyboard::isKeyPressed(Keyboard::Key::Escape))
break;
ball.update();
paddle.update();
collisionTest(paddle, ball);
for (auto& brick : bricks) collisionTest(brick, ball);
bricks.erase(remove_if(begin(bricks), end(bricks),
[](const Brick& mBrick)
{
return mBrick.destroyed;
}),
end(bricks));
if (isPlaying)
{
window.draw(ball.shape);
window.draw(paddle.shape);
for (auto& brick : bricks) window.draw(brick.shape);
}
else
{
window.clear(Color::Black);
// Draw the pause message
loseGameSound.play();
window.draw(loseGame);
if (Keyboard::isKeyPressed(Keyboard::Key::Space))
goto restart;
}
window.display();
}
return 0;
}