The questions is this one: Why would I need to change my code which works on windows (where it can actually make changes to the window) to be different on Android? Sure it doesn't make sense, but the program shouldn't go black and be unrecoverable. That's just bad behaviour for a library. If it should not make any sense to call it multiple times on Android, shouldn't SFML take care of not doing anything at the 2nd call instead?
On iOS is also makes no sense to change the window properties, but on iOS calling it more than once isn't a problem at all and works just fine.