I was able to track someone down and dig into this some. I discovered that it is being caused by the RenderTexture substitute that I'm using. Another dev here, eigenbom, shared with me a FBOTargetImpl class that he wrote which provides a framebuffer that uses the same context as the window.
These intel cards do have support for framebuffers but they crash when attempting to bind the shader. I'm currently think that the context state is somehow getting messed up and the shader doesn't like that. FBOTargetImpl is not doing anything too special and after using it I always ensure that the framebuffer is reset as well as the GL states.
Any suggestions on what I could do to fix this? If needed I can post a bunch of the code. Just let me know. Thanks!