Yeah, Windows offers you a double click event, but you gotta check if Linux does as well.
Also, yes, as you said double click timing is an user setting on Windows, but you can check in many games, there's an in-game setting for double click timing. Can't you do the same?
(Also note, to distinct double clicks you'd also have to delay the single click event, since when the first click occurs you have no way to know if the second is coming or not. Unless you want to do statistics based on mouse position over certain items, but that'd be crazy, un efficient and... crazy)