After a whole day of trying,
I finally managed to do it Thank you very much
eXpl0it3r for guiding me in the right direction !
I want to share my actions, I hope that this tutorial will also help someone.
So here's what I did to make SFML work on Windows 11 and Code::Blocks 20.03:
1) First I downloaded the latest version of the gcc compiler and MinGW for the MSCVRT runtime from WinLibs
https://winlibs.com/. Previously, I had a compiler and library installed in the UCRT runtime environment.
2) Then I switched my OS compiler to it, and also switched to it in the Code::Blocks compiler settings.
3) I built SFML version 2.5.1 from source files using CMake 3.25.3.
4) Opened the SFML build in Code::Blocks and generated several configurations for it in CMake (for shared libraries enabled/disabled, both for the runtime mode and for debug mode).
Victory !
* Now you can create an empty project and connect the project compiler to the SFML source "include" folder, and the project linker to the SFML Build "lib" folder.
* You need to link the necessary libraries for debug mode and release mode.
* Copy and paste the necessary dll libraries into the project folder and create a file main.cpp.
Paste the code from the SFML website in it and build your project - and now you will see a
green circle
Ha, that was really fun
Good luck to everyone !