If you draw at x==-100 and the sprite is less than 100 pixels wide, then no, it won't be visible on the screen. If the sprite is 300 pixels wide then the rightmost 200 pixels will be visible.
Note that even if the sprite will not be visible, "drawing" it still costs gpu resources.
By the way: the easiest way for you to get an answer to your question would have been to just try it