First, let me restate I am running arch so to get things to work some, if not all, of the linker options I listed before will have different names on ubuntu distibutions. The method I used to get things as far as I did was to compile with options:
sfml-graphics-s;sfml-window-s;sfml-system-s;freetype;jpeg;
I believe(booted to windows on the reply.) The one difference is I probably had a mesa lib after sfml-system-s. What would happen here are lots of unresolved references so I would grab the one at the top of the list and search on it. Once I found what library that reference belonged to I would include it by using this page:
http://www.sfml-dev.org/tutorials/2.3/compile-with-cmake.phpas reference to give me a good guess at where in the link order to put the added library for linking. Now the shape was not drawn properly on my last attempt last night, but the program compiled and gave me a symptom to look in to to fix it.
Second, those errors look a lot like one of the beginning points I made in that it seems the wrong toolchain is being used. i386 architecture tends to be 32bit and the linker is, I think, trying to use a 32bit lib with 64bit libs. That's something you need to look in to. If you can, start from scratch and use the method above to see if you can follow the chain of errors to figure out the right libs to include and see if that works out, but you do still need to look at the tool chain.
Personally I never liked any full ubuntu distributions. If you like that one then get more info on it. Particularly information on compiling from source and linking.
There is also a tool for linux called 'ldd' look it up. With that tool you can run it on the various SFML .so files and it will list out the dependencies that library has. That will help you figure out what you need to link.
Edit: dabbertorres posted while I was typing this up and backed up my thoughts that you need to check your tool chain and linked libs to find out what they are doing.