I've made a textfield that works pretty well, and under Linux, if it happens to deal with characters that don't add anything to the width of the rectangle around the rendered text, it simply doesn't store them. I don't know why Greek or Cyrillic characters won't work as I'm using wide character strings, so this is also something I would like to get an answer to. Many other characters, such as þ, ð, å, ä, ö, æ and ø work just fine.
The main problem here, though, is that when trying to type Greek or Cyrillic characters when running the program in Mac, the program will simply crash. This is the call stack that Xcode gave me (read from bottom to top):
Also, accented letters don't get noticed by OS X, but they work fine under Linux; that is, in Linux, I can, for instance, first press the grave accent key, and then the A key, and an á will actually appear in my textfield. OS X ignores the accent key and just gives me a regular a.