The computer is a Core 2 Duo P8400 with the associated integrated linux graphics. The driver is the intel open source driver which is pretty good by linux standards (which are pretty low :-().
I tried glxgears, and while it gives 60FPS (which is equal to the refresh rate, I think), it does have the same problem which is an occasion 200 or 300 ms freeze.
I guess this underlines the poor state of linux graphics, again. I hope wayland will sort things out. I'll try again with my desktop computers which has a newer intel cpu with a sandy bridge graphics chip and decent (in my recalling) graphics performance.
Anyways, thanks for your help, and have a nice week-end!