I made this for myself to have a basic starting point for making games with SFML, and I thought someone else might find it useful/interesting.
https://github.com/kiswa/SFML_StarterIt uses CMake (though only tested on Linux, so please let me know if it needs changes for other platforms) and builds an executable named "sfml" which demonstrates the state transitions and debug output.
It includes an asset manager which currently only manages sf::Texture and sf::Font objects, but more will be added once I make a game with it. Have a look through the code and let me know if there's anything that could make it more useful (or if it has any bugs).
EDIT: I should mention that it assumes C++11 and SFML 2.2.