I followed the directions but ran into issues. The issue lies in the linking process. I added the includes for the preprocessor and it no longer errors, but when the linker comes around it says it can't find -lsfml-system .
I have the linker's include to my decompressed SFML1-6 folder/lib.
I found the only solution was to use my distro's package management system to download libsfml-dev and install the rest of the libcsfml-*. Isn't that what the lib folder on in the archive was for?